Ngaohiko: Te Kī Huna hei Wetewete i tētahi Wheako Utu EV Pai Ake

Ina kōrero ngā taraiwa EV mō te utu, ko te "tere" tonu te pane matua. Engari ko te tawhā hangarau tūturu kei muri i te utu tere he nui atu i te whakatauranga hiko anake. Ko te ngaohiko te mea e tautuhi ana i te rohe o runga o te whai huatanga o te utu, e awe ana i te hauora o te pākahiko mō te wā roa, ā, e hanga ana hoki i ngā ara hangarau o muri mai.
Ka wetewetehia e tēnei tuhinga te ahupūngao o muri i te ngaohiko—ā, e whakaatu ana hoki i tōna pānga ki ia wā utunga ka pā ki a koe.

(Pūtake Whakaahua: Te Tari Waka o Amerika)

1. Te Pekenga Whai Hua — He aha i noho ai te 800V hei Āhuatanga Hangarau

E ai ki te ahupūngao taketake, te mana (P) = te ngaohiko (V) × te iahiko (A).
Hei whakanui ake i te mana utu, ka taea e koe te whakanui ake i te ngaohiko, te pana rānei i te iahiko nui ake. Engari he nui ngā ngoikoretanga o te iahiko nui ake: he matotoru ake ngā taura, he nui ake te wera, me te nui ake o ngā ngaronga pūngao. Nā tēnei ka pai ake te ara whakapai ake i te whakanui ake i te ngaohiko.

Koia te take e kiia whānuitia ai ngā papaaho ngaohiko-tiketike 800V he wā tino nui mō te hangarau EV.
Hei tauira, ko te Porsche Taycan tētahi o ngā waka hiko 800V tuatahi i hangaia i roto i te papatipu. Ka tautokona e tana pūnaha te mana utu tae atu ki te 320 kW. He mea nui ake, i te whakawhiti pūngao kotahi, ka taea te whakaiti i te iahiko mā te haurua, ka tino whakaiti i ngā ngaronga wera me te whakapai ake i te pai o te utunga whānui.

Ko te hua he wheako kaiwhakamahi pai ake: ka taea e te Taycan te utu mai i te 10% ki te 80% i roto noa i te 18 menetii runga i tētahi rihi tere-tino 800V.

(Pūtake Whakaahua: Capital One Auto Navigator)

2. Ngā Tauwhitinga Hototahi — Te Mātauranga me te Utu o te "Hototahi Whakararo"

Ko te wero o ēnei rā, kāore e taea e ngā EV 800V te kimi i ngā rihi hiko teitei e ōrite ana.
He tauira pai ko te Hyundai IONIQ 5. Ahakoa e tautoko ana te waka i te 800V utu, ko te nuinga o ngā teihana Tesla Supercharger V3 ka tukuna te hiko tata ki te 500V.
Hei urutau, me whakahohe e te waka tana kaitahuri DC/DC ā-roto, ā, me "whakaheke" te ngaohiko ki te 400V—ka whakawhāiti i te mana utu tihi ki te tata ki te 135 kW, he iti rawa iho i tōna kaha mōrahi o te 257 kW.

He hangarau atamai tēnei hototahitanga e heke iho ana—engari he hekenga hoki te mahi.
Ā, kei te tere ake te nekehanga a te umanga ki ngā hanganga utu hiko tūmatanui he nui ake te ngaohiko nā tēnei herenga.

3. Rohe Haumaru — Ngā Rohe Pūmau o te Tauine Ngaohiko

I te pikinga ake o ngā taumata ngaohiko, ka huri te haumaru hei rārangi whero e kore e taea te whiriwhiri.
He tino kaha ngā whakaritenga a te ngaohiko teitei mō te whakamarumaru, te whakahaere wera, me te aroturukitanga wā-tūturu.

E whakamārama ana te IEC 61851 i ngā rohe mārama:

• Tae atu ki te 1000V AC
• Tae atu ki te 1500V DC

I te wā kotahi, ka hipokina e te anga whakamana CCTA hou 150V–1000V, ā, kei te whakatakoto i te turanga mō ngā pūnaha utunga megawatt-a-muri.

Ko ēnei paerewa katoa hei "ārai ārai" kia kore ai e whakararu i te haumaru o te utu tere.

(Pūtake Whakaahua: ANSI WEBSITESTORE)

4.Te Anamata — Kei tua atu i te Ngaohiko Teitei, Ki te Anga atu ki te Ngaohiko Atamai

Ko te wāhanga whakataetae e whai ake nei ehara i te mea ko te whakapiki noa i ngā papaaho ngaohiko mai i te 400V ki te 800V me tua atu.
Kei roto i te uara tūturu whakahaere ngaohiko atamai:

• Mana whakahaere BMS tino tika
  Te whakatikatika i ngā tere pikinga ngaohiko i te wā utu whakamutunga hei whakataurite i te tere me te roa o te ora o te pākahiko.
• Te taunga o te utu-waka
  Te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-wā i waenga i te rihi me te BMS o te waka hei hanga i te ānau utu tino pai.
• Te urutau ki ngā āhuarangi katoa
  Mā ngā pūnaha whakamahana matatau ka noho haumaru, ka whai hua hoki te utu tere i te makariri rawa, i te wera nui rānei.

Whakamutunga

Ehara i te mea he tawhā hangarau noa iho te hiko. E hono ana i te pai o te utu, te hototahi o te rihi, te haumaru o te pūnaha, me te hauora o te pākahiko.
Mō ngā kaipupuri EV, mā te mārama ki te ngaohiko utu mōrahi o tō waka ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakamahere i ngā haerenga roa, me te whiriwhiri i ngā rihi e whakamahi ana i ngā taputapu utu hei whakatutuki i tōna mahi katoa.
Mō te umanga, ko te whanaketanga ngaohiko he whakataetae whānui i roto i te pūtaiao rauemi, te miihini hiko, me te mana whakahaere atamai.

I te whanaketanga o te hangarau utu, me tautoko ngā utu i ngā awhe ngaohiko whānui ake, te kiato mana teitei ake, me ngā rauropi whakahaere atamai ake.
Koinei tonu te mea Pūngao Hou Injetkei te hanga—ngā taputapu utu e tohu ana i tētahi karere māmā:
Ahakoa te whanaketanga o te hangarau EV, ka tukuna e mātou he hiko tere, haumaru, pono hoki mō ia waka.