Buku Lothandizira Kuchaja INJET M'nyengo Yozizira: Kuteteza Magwiridwe Anu Amagetsi Panyengo Yozizira

Pamene nyengo yozizira ikuyamba, eni magalimoto amagetsi akukumana ndi vuto limodzi: kusunga magalimoto awo odalirika komanso ogwira ntchito bwino munthawi yozizira kwambiri. Ku United States, kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti nyengo yoipa imakhudza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi amagetsi tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuchepa kwa nthawi yoyendetsera galimoto komanso nthawi yayitali komanso yosayembekezereka yochaja kwakhala nkhawa kwa madalaivala ambiri.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zifukwa zazikulu zomwe nyengo yozizira imakhudzira magwiridwe antchito a EV ndipo ikupereka njira zothandiza, zochokera ku sayansi kuti zikuthandizeni kukhala odzidalira komanso oyenda nthawi yonse yozizira.

(Chithunzi Chochokera: Mgwirizano wa Magetsi)

1. Momwe Nyengo Yozizira Imakhudzira Galimoto Yanu Yamagetsi

Kutentha kochepa kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito a EV makamaka m'njira ziwiri:

1.1 "Kutayika kwa Kutentha" mu Malo Oyendetsera Galimoto
Mu nyengo yozizira, EV iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti itenthetse batire kufika pa kutentha komwe imagwiritsa ntchito bwino. Kutentha kwa kabati kumawonjezera kufunikira kwa mphamvu. Deta yamakampani ikusonyeza kuti nthawi yozizira, kuchuluka kwa magetsi a EV kumatsika kufika pafupifupi 80% ya momwe nyengo yofunda imagwirira ntchito, kutengera kutentha ndi momwe galimoto imayendera.

Zotsatira za 1.2 "Kuyamba Kozizira" pa Liwiro Lochaja
Kuchaja batire yozizira mwachangu sikuthandiza ndipo kungakhale koopsa. Pachifukwa ichi, Battery Management Systems (BMS) yamakono imachepetsa mphamvu yochaja ikapezeka kutentha kochepa. Pa gawo loyamba, mphamvu zambiri zomwe zikubwera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha batire m'malo mowonjezera mphamvu ya chaja. Mayeso amakampani akuwonetsa kuti kuzizira kwambiri, mphamvu yochaja imatha kutsika kufika pa 60–70% ya milingo yabwinobwino, zomwe zikufotokoza chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri kuyitanitsa madzi m'nyumba ndi pagulu kumachepa kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.

2. Njira Zothandiza Zolipirira ndi Kuyendetsa M'nyengo Yozizira

M'malo modandaula za zofooka za nyengo yozizira, eni magalimoto a EV amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kupsinjika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira mwa kusintha momwe amachajira ndi kuyendetsa galimoto.

2.1 Kukonzekera Musanayike Ndalama
Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zokonzeratu galimoto
Musanapite ku malo ochajira—kapena mutalumikiza ku charger yapakhomo—yambitsani kutentha kwa batri ndi kutentha kwa kabati pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yam'manja ya galimoto yanu. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya gridi m'malo mwa mphamvu ya batri ndipo zimaonetsetsa kuti galimotoyo ili bwino musanachajire kapena kuyendetsa.

Lipirani nthawi yotentha masana
Ngati n'kotheka, litsani mphamvu nthawi yotentha, monga masana kapena masana. Ngakhale kutentha pang'ono kungawongolere ntchito ya batri komanso mphamvu yolipirira mphamvu.

2.2 Njira Zochapira Mwanzeru

Sungani mulingo wabwino wa chaji
Pewani kutulutsa madzi ambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti muyikenso batire yanu ikafika pachakudya. 20–30%, chifukwa kutulutsa mphamvu kwambiri kutentha kochepa kumawonjezera kupsinjika pa batire.

Kudalira kuyitanitsa kunyumba tsiku ndi tsiku
Paulendo wanthawi zonse, kuyatsa magetsi a AC kunyumba usiku nthawi zambiri ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Kuyatsa magetsi a AC kumapereka mphamvu pang'onopang'ono, kumathandiza kuti batire likhale lolimba komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa zamagetsi zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Bungwe la New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) limalangizanso kupewa kuyatsa magetsi pafupipafupi mpaka 100%; kukhazikitsa kuyimitsa yokha pa 80–90% zingathandize kukulitsa nthawi ya batri.

Khazikitsani ziyembekezo zenizeni pakuchaja mwachangu
Mukagwiritsa ntchito ma DC fast charger nthawi yozizira, lolani nthawi yowonjezera. Ngati kutentha kwa batri kuli kochepa kwambiri, gawo loyamba lotenthetsera lidzachepetsa kuchaja. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa kuchaja nthawi zambiri kumafikiridwa pokhapokha batri litatentha ndipo mulingo wa kuchaja upitirira pafupifupi 20%.

2.3 Kuyendetsa Galimoto ndi Kuyimika Malo Mwanzeru

Gwiritsani ntchito chotenthetsera mipando ndi chiwongolero choyamba
Kutentha kwa malo kumawononga mphamvu zochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwa nyumba yonse ndipo kumatha kusunga malo oyendetsera galimoto.

Yendetsani bwino ndipo pitirizani kubweza mabuleki obwezeretsa mphamvu
Pewani kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kuletsa mwamphamvu. Ikani mabuleki obwezeretsa mphamvu pamlingo wapamwamba kuti mupeze mphamvu zambiri panthawi yochepetsa mphamvu, zomwe zimathandiza kukulitsa mtunda.

Paki pamalo otetezedwa
Nthawi iliyonse ikatheka, ikani galimoto m'garaji kapena pansi pa nthaka. Ngakhale malo oimika magalimoto ochepa amatha kuteteza galimotoyo ku kuzizira kwambiri ndi mphepo, zomwe zimathandiza kusunga kutentha kwa batri ndikukweza magwiridwe antchito a tsiku lotsatira.

(Chithunzi Chochokera: FOREMOST)

3. Kusankha Mnzanu Wodalirika Wolipiritsa

Kupatula zizolowezi za oyendetsa, kudalirika kwa zida zochajira ndiko maziko a nthawi yodalirika yochajira m'nyengo yozizira. Pa chipale chofewa, ayezi, ndi kutentha kochepa, zamagetsi zamkati, zingwe, ndi zolumikizira zimakumana ndi zovuta zina. Chifukwa chake kusankha zida zopangidwira nyengo yoipa kwambiri ndikofunikira.

Mfundo imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pa kapangidwe ka zinthu za INJET New Energy. Chojambulira cha Ampax Mndandanda wa zolipirira umayesedwa kwambiri zachilengedwe msika usanatuluke. M'zipinda zanyengo, kutentha kumafanana ndi kotsika ngati –40°C, ma charger awa amayesedwa nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito—kuyambira pakuyamba mpaka pakugwira ntchito kosalekeza.

Izi zikutsimikizira kuti ngakhale mvula yamkuntho itagwa kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira m'madera monga kumpoto kwa Canada kapena kumpoto kwa Europe, zinthu zofunika kwambiri—kuyambira ma module amagetsi amkati mpaka zolumikizira zakunja zochapira—zimapitiriza kugwira ntchito bwino, kupereka chaji yokhazikika pamene kuli kofunikira kwambiri.

4. Mapeto

Zotsatira za nyengo yozizira pa magalimoto amagetsi pamapeto pake zimakhala zofanana pakati pa kapangidwe ka mabatire ndi momwe zinthu zilili m'chilengedwe. Ngakhale oyendetsa galimoto sangasinthe malamulo a sayansi ya zakuthambo, amatha kulamulira galimotoyo kudzera mu chidziwitso, kukonzekera, ndi zida zoyenera.

Kumvetsetsa kuti mabatire amafunika nthawi kuti "atenthe," pogwiritsa ntchito njira zanzeru zokonzeratu ndi kuchaja, ndikusankha njira yochaja yosazizira monga Chojambulira cha Ampax Pamodzi pamakhala chitetezo champhamvu ku mavuto okhudzana ndi nyengo yozizira. Kulandira kuyenda kwa magetsi kumatanthauza kukhala wokonzeka nyengo zonse. Ndi njira yoyenera, maulendo anu a m'nyengo yozizira angakhalebe ogwira mtima, omasuka, komanso odalirika—ngakhale kutentha kutsika bwanji.