Isikhokelo sokutshaja i-INJET ebusika: Ukukhusela ukusebenza kwakho kwe-EV kwimozulu ebandayo

Njengoko kuqala ubusika, abanini bezithuthi zombane bajongene nomceli mngeni ofanayo: ukugcina izithuthi zabo zithembekile kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kwiimeko zokubanda. E-United States, uphando lwakutshanje lubonise ukuba imozulu embi kakhulu ichaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwe-EV yemihla ngemihla. Ukunciphisa ixesha lokuqhuba kunye namaxesha okutshaja amade, angaqikeleliyo, kuye kwaba yinkxalabo esebenzayo kubaqhubi abaninzi.

Eli nqaku lihlola izizathu eziphambili zokuba iimeko zasebusika zichaphazele ukusebenza kwe-EV kwaye libonelela ngamaqhinga asebenzayo, asekelwe kwisayensi ukukunceda uhlale uzithembile kwaye uhambahamba kulo lonke ixesha lokubanda.

(Umthombo womfanekiso: I-Electrification Coalition)

1. Indlela Imozulu Ebandayo Eyichaphazela Ngayo Isithuthi Sakho Sombane

Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi achaphazela ukusebenza kwe-EV ngeendlela ezimbini:

1.1 "Ukulahleka kobushushu" kwiDriving Range
Kwiimeko ezibandayo, i-EV kufuneka isebenzise amandla ukuze ifudumale ibhetri ifikelele kubushushu bayo obufanelekileyo bokusebenza. Ukufudumeza iikhabhini kwandisa imfuno yamandla. Idatha yeshishini ibonisa ukuba ngexesha lasebusika, ukugcinwa komgama we-EV kuyehla kuye kutsho malunga I-80% yokusebenza kwemozulu efudumeleyo, kuxhomekeke kubushushu kunye neemeko zokuqhuba.

Iziphumo ze-1.2 "Cold Start" kwisantya sokutshaja
Ukutshaja ibhetri ebandayo ngokukhawuleza akusebenzanga kakuhle kwaye kunokuba yingozi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iiNkqubo zoLawulo lweeBhetri zanamhlanje (i-BMS) zinciphisa amandla okutshaja xa kufunyenwe amaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Ngexesha lokuqala, uninzi lwamandla angenayo asetyenziselwa ukufudumeza ibhetri endaweni yokunyusa imeko yokutshaja. Uvavanyo lweshishini lubonisa ukuba xa kubanda kakhulu, amandla okutshaja anokwehla aye kwi 60–70% yamanqanaba aqhelekileyo, nto leyo echaza isizathu sokuba ukutshaja ekhaya nasekuhlaleni kudla ngokuvakala ngathi kucotha kakhulu ebusika.

2. Amaqhinga okutshaja nokuqhuba ebusika

Endaweni yokukhathazeka ngemida yemozulu ebandayo, abanini beemoto ze-EV banokunciphisa kakhulu uxinezeleko olunxulumene nobusika ngokutshintsha imikhwa yokutshaja kunye nokuqhuba.

2.1 Ukulungiselela Ngaphambi Kokutshaja
Sebenzisa iimpawu zokulungisa imoto ngaphambi kokuba ilungiswe
Ngaphambi kokuba uye kwisikhululo sokutshaja—okanye emva kokuxhuma kwitshaja yasekhaya—vula ukufudumeza ibhetri kwangaphambili kwaye ufudumeze ikhabhini usebenzisa i-app yeselula yesithuthi sakho. Oku kusebenzisa amandla egridi endaweni yamandla ebhetri kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba imoto ikwimeko entle ngaphambi kokuba itshaje okanye iqhube.

Tshaja ngexesha lobushushu bemini
Xa kunokwenzeka, tshaja ngexesha lobushushu obuphantsi, njengasemini okanye emva kwemini. Nokuba ukunyuka okuncinci kobushushu kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwebhetri kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja.

2.2 Iindlela zokutshaja ngobuchule

Gcina uluhlu lokutshaja olusempilweni
Kuphephe ukukhupha amanzi anzulu ebusika. Iingcali zicebisa ukuba utshaje kwakhona xa ibhetri ifikelela 20–30%, njengoko ukukhupha nzulu xa kushushu kakhulu kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwibhetri.

Thembela ekutshajisweni kwendlu yonke imihla
Kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokuhamba, ukutshaja i-AC ekhaya ebusuku yeyona ndlela ilungileyo. Ukutshaja i-AC kunika amandla kancinci, kuxhasa ixesha elide lebhetri ngelixa kusetyenziswa amaxabiso ombane aphantsi angekho phezulu. I-New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) ikwacebisa ukuba ungayitshaji rhoqo ukuya kwi-100%; ukubeka ukuma ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-AC. 80–90% inokunceda ukwandisa ubomi bebhetri.

Beka ulindelo olusengqiqweni lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza
Xa usebenzisa iitshaja ze-DC fast ebusika, vumela ixesha elongezelelekileyo. Ukuba ubushushu bebhetri buphantsi kakhulu, isigaba sokuqala sokufudumeza siya kucothisa ukutshaja. Isantya esiphezulu sokutshaja sidla ngokufikelelwa kuphela emva kokuba ibhetri ifudumale kwaye inqanaba lokutshaja lidlula malunga ne-20%.

2.3 Ukuqhuba Nokupaka Ngobulumko

Sebenzisa ukufudumeza isihlalo kunye nesiteringi kuqala
Ukufudumeza okuqhelekileyo kudla amandla amancinci kakhulu kunokufudumeza ikhabhini yonke kwaye kunokugcina umgama ofanelekileyo wokuqhuba.

Qhuba kakuhle kwaye usebenzise i-regenerative braking kakhulu
Kuphephe ukukhawulezisa ngamandla kunye nokuqhobosha ngamandla. Beka ukuqhobosha okuvuselelayo kwinqanaba eliphezulu ukuze ufumane amandla amaninzi ngexesha lokucothisa isantya, nto leyo enceda ukwandisa umgama.

Paka kwindawo ekhuselekileyo
Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, paka imoto egaraji okanye kwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba. Nokuba yindawo elula yokupaka imoto inokukhusela imoto kwingqele egqithisileyo nomoya, incede ekugcineni ubushushu bebhetri kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kwayo ngosuku olulandelayo.

(Umthombo womfanekiso: OKUQHELEKILEYO)

3. Ukukhetha iQabane elinokuTshaja elithembekileyo

Ngaphaya kwemikhwa yabaqhubi, ukuthembeka kwezixhobo zokutshaja sisiseko samava okutshaja asebusika athembekileyo. Kwikhephu, umkhenkce, namaqondo obushushu aphantsi, izixhobo ze-elektroniki zangaphakathi, iintambo, kunye nezihlanganisi zijongene noxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo. Ukukhetha izixhobo ezenzelwe imozulu eqatha kubalulekile ke ngoko.

Lo mgaqo ubalulekile kuyilo lwemveliso ye-INJET New Energy. Isijobi se-Ampax uthotho lokutshaja luvavanywa ngokungqongqo kokusingqongileyo ngaphambi kokuba kukhululwe imakethi. Kumagumbi okugcina imozulu kulinganisa amaqondo obushushu aphantsi njenge –40°C, ezi tshaja zivavanywa kumjikelo opheleleyo wokusebenza—ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo.

Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba nangona emva kweziphepho ezinkulu zasebusika kwiindawo ezifana nomntla weKhanada okanye uMntla Yurophu, izinto ezibalulekileyo—ukusuka kwiimodyuli zamandla zangaphakathi ukuya kwizihlanganisi zokutshaja zangaphandle—ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo, zinikezela ngokutshaja rhoqo xa kubaluleke kakhulu.

4. Isiphelo

Impembelelo yobusika kwizithuthi zombane ekugqibeleni ilungelelanisa phakathi kwekhemistri yebhetri kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Nangona abaqhubi bengenakutshintsha imithetho yefiziksi, banokulawula ngolwazi, ucwangciso, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

Ukuqonda ukuba iibhetri zidinga ixesha "lokufudumala," kusetyenziswa amaqhinga okulungisa nokulungisa amazinyo akrelekrele, kunye nokukhetha isisombululo sokutshaja esingabandanga njenge Isijobi se-Ampax kunye bakha ukhuselo oluqinileyo kwimingeni enxulumene nobusika. Ukwamkela ukuhamba ngombane kuthetha ukulungela onke amaxesha onyaka. Ngendlela efanelekileyo, uhambo lwakho lwasebusika lunokuhlala lusebenza kakuhle, lukhululekile, kwaye luthembekile—kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubushushu buphantsi kangakanani na.